Bhav, Ras

Ras
क्रमांक रस का प्रकार स्थायी भाव
1. शृंगार रस  - रति
2. हास्य रस   -हास
3. करुण रस  - शोक
4. रौद्र रस  -क्रोध
5. वीर रस  -उत्साह
6. भयानक रस - भय
7. वीभत्स रस    - घृणा, जुगुप्सा
8. अद्भुत रस  -आश्चर्य
9. शांत रस  -निर्वेद
१० वात्सल्य रस  - वत्सल
११ भक्ति   -भक्ति

१) संचारी भाव/व्यभिचारी भाव - संचारी का अर्थ है- साथ साथ संचरण करने वाला अर्थात् साथ-साथ चलने वाला। संचारी भाव किसी न किसी स्थायी भाव के साथ प्रकट होते हैं। ये क्षणिक,अस्थायी और पराश्रित होते हैं, इनकी अपनी अलग पहचान नहीं होती ।ये किसी एक स्थायी भाव के साथ न रहकर सभी के साथ संचरण करते हैं , इसलिए इन्हें व्यभिचारी भाव भी कहा जाता है।



* संचारी भाव या व्यभिचारी भाव 33 होते हैं :--
१- अपस्मार(मूर्छा)      १२- चपलता      २३- लज्जा
२- अमर्ष(असहन)      १३- चिन्ता       २४- विबोध
३- अलसता           १४- जड़ता       २५- वितर्क
४- अवहित्था(गुप्तभाव)  १५- दैन्य        २६- व्याधि
५- आवेग            १६- धृति        २७- विषाद
६- असूया            १७- निद्रा        २८- शंका
७- उग्रता             १८- निर्वेद(शम)   २९- श्रम
८- उन्माद            १९- मति        ३०- संत्रास
९- औत्सुक्य          २०- मद         ३१- स्मृति
१०- गर्व             २१- मरण        ३२- स्वप्न
११- ग्लानि           २२- मोह         ३३- हर्ष

Emotion and communication  

Vyabhichari: Vyabhichari is when the various emotions are expressed in words and gestures. There are 33 such emotions also known as Sanchari Bhavas. They are Niveda (self-disparagement), Vishada (despondency), Dainya (abject humility), Glani (sorrow), Srama (exhaustion), Mada (arrogance), Garva (pride), Sanka (doubt), Trasa (fear),' Avega (impulse), Unmada (raving), Apasmara (forgetfulness), Vyadhi (illness), Moha (loss of sensibility or consciousness), Mrityu (death), Alasya (idleness), Jadya (stupor), Vreeda (shyness), Akaragopani (cloaking one's own' real bearings), Smriti (remembrance), Vitarka (wrong argument), Chinta (reflection), Mata (determination), Dhriti (calmness), Harsha (delight), Autsukya (solicitude), Ugrata (ferocity), Amarsha (impatience), Asuya (jealousy), Chapalata (fickle- ness), Nidra (sleep), Supti (sleepiness) and Bodha (waking or knowing).

Sattvika: It is one of the essential ingredients of bhakti Rasas. It refers to the moods when the heart of the bhakta is overwhelmed to Lord. Sattvika bhava is characterised by pure chitta, as the mind of the devotee is filled with pure chitta, due to the constant devotion to the Lord.

There are eight Sattvika Bhavas; Stambha (paralysis), Sveda (perspiration), Romancha (horripilation), Svarabhanga (hoarseness of voice), Vepathu (trembling), Vaivarnya (change of colour), Asru (tears) and Pralaya (loss of consciousness).

Anubhava: Anubhava refers to the actions that display or reveal the spiritual emotions of the heart.  Anubhava is an expression of emotions by way of dance, song, laughter etc. There are thirteen Anubhavas:

 1) nritya (dancing), 2) vilunthita (rolling on the ground), 3) gita (singing), 4) krosana (loud crying), 5) tanu-motana (writhing of the body), 6) hunkara (roaring), 7) jrimbhana (yawning), 8) svasa-bhua (breathing heavily), 9) loka-anapeksita (giving up concern for public image), 10) lalasrava (salivating), 11) atta-hasa (loud laughter), 12) ghurna (staggering about), and 13) hikka (a fit of hiccups)

11 RAS

i) Shringaar Ras - sexual love,
(ii) Veer Ras - heroic
(iii) Veebhats Ras - disgust
(iv) Raudra Ras - anger
(v) Haasya Ras - comic and humor
(vi) Bhayaanak Ras - fright
(vii) Karun Ras - pity
(viii) Adbhut Ras - wonder
(ix) Shaant Ras - peace
(x) Vaatsalya Ras - parental love
(xi) Bhakti Ras - devotional

11 jl

J`axkj jl

ohj jl

ohHkRl jl

#nz jl

gkL; jl

Hk;kud jl

d#.k jl

vn~Hkqr jl

‘kkar jl

okRlY; jl

HkfDr jl

Negative emotions

fear

anger

guilt

depression

pride

jealousy

self – pity

anxiety

resentment

envy

frustration

shame

denial

offended

negative

regret

resentful

sad

worried

 grief

Hk;  dzks/k  iki  ncko ls fpfUrr

/keaM  tyu  d`ikik=  nq%[k iNrkok  bZ”;kZ

grkl yTtk  budkj  xyrh  _.kkRed iNrkuk

mnklh fpUrk ladV

izse  iz’kalk izlUu mEehn lkgl  egRo vkRefo’okl

d`rK /kS;Z Hkjks”kk fucZyrk vk’kkoknh iz’kaluh; ‘kfeZUnk vk’p;Zpfdr

positive emotions

love

appreciation
happiness

hope

enthusiasm

vitality

confidence

gratitude

patient

trust

vulnerable

optimistic

appreciative

ashamed

astonished

vkB flf)

vf.kek  vius ‘kjhj dks lw{e cuk ysuk

efgek   ‘kjhj dks vfr fo’kky cuk ysuk

xf.kek   vR;Ur Hkkjh gks tkuk

yf?kek   vR;Ur gYdk tks tkuk

izkfIr    dgha Hkh fcuk :dkoV pys tkuk

ijkdzE;  tks bPNk gks izkIr dj ysuk

bLRo     ije gksuk] loksZifj

oLRo     lHkh dks >qdkus dh ‘kfDr

ukS fuf/k

ine fuf/k   iq= ifjokj cgqewY; /kkrq

egku in~e   cgqewY; iRFkj

[kjc         lHkh izdkj ds /ku

dqUn        Lo.kZ dk O;kikj

uhy       ghjs tokgjkr dk O;kikj

‘ka[k       Lokfn”V Hkkstu

dPNi      izpqj ek=k esa oL= o vUu

eqdqUn    dyk esa fuiq.k

edj     vL= ‘kL= dh fuiq.krk

IMAGERY
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बिम्ब का अर्थ है अंकित भाषा के द्वारा वस्तु, विचार, क्रिया  को इस प्रकार दर्शाना जिससे उसका मूर्त रूप का अनुभव हो.
बिम्ब विचारों का हमारे मस्तिष्क में दृष्टात्मक प्रदर्शन करता है 
imagery means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.

Usually it is thought that imagery makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds. The word imagery is associated with mental pictures. However, this idea is but partially correct. Imagery, to be realistic, turns out to be more complex than just a picture. Read the following examples of imagery carefully:

It was dark and dim in the forest. – The words “dark” and “dim” are visual images.
The children were screaming and shouting in the fields. - “Screaming” and “shouting” appeal to our sense of hearing or auditory sense.
He whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee. – “whiff” and “aroma” evoke our sense of smell or olfactory sense.
The girl ran her hands on a soft satin fabric. – The idea of “soft” in this example appeals to our sense of touch or tactile sense.
The fresh and juicy orange are very cold and sweet. – “ juicy” and “sweet” when associated with oranges have an effect on our sense of taste or gustatory sense.
Imagery needs the aid of figures of speech like simile, metaphor, personification, onomatopoeia etc. in order to appeal to the bodily senses. Let us analyze how famous poets and writers use imagery in literature.
  

Function of Imagery

The function of imagery in literature is to generate a vibrant and graphic presentation of a scene that appeals to as many of the reader’s senses as possible. It aids the reader’s imagination to envision the characters and scenes in the literary piece clearly. Apart from the above mentioned function, images , which are drawn by using figures of speech like metaphor, simile, personification, onomatopeia etc. serve the function of beautifying a piece of literature.